Glossary
A
Available tonne kilometres or ATK
Overall capacity, measured in tonnes available for the carriage of airline passengers, excess baggage, cargo and mail on a flight sector multiplied by the sector distance.
B
Biogenic emissions
CO2 emissions from the combustion or biodegradation of biomass.
Building Environmental Assessment Method or BEAM
A method of assessing building sustainability performance in Hong Kong.
C
Carbon Dioxide Equivalent or CO2e
A measure of the global warming potential of releases of the seven gases greenhouse gases specified by the Kyoto Protocol. These are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and nitrogen trifluoride (NF3).
Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation or CORSIA
A scheme adopted by ICAO which aims to stabilise emissions from international civil aviation at 2020 levels.
Carbon neutral
The balancing of every unit of anthropogenic CO2 emitted with an equivalent amount of CO2 removed, for example by carbon sequestration.
Carbon offsets
Reduction, removal, or avoidance of GHG emissions from a specific project that compensates for GHG emissions occurring elsewhere.
Certified sustainable seafood
Seafood that comes from well managed and sustainable fisheries and is certified by the Marine Stewardship Council or other certification bodies.
Circular economy
An economic system in which resources are kept in use for as long as possible, recovered, and reused at the end of their service lives.
Climate-related risk
The potential negative impact of climate change on an organisation.
See also Physical risks, Transition risks.
Cold drink equipment or CDE
Includes vending machines, coolers, and fountains.
Cubic metres or cbm
A metric unit of volume or capacity equal to 1,000 litres or 1.0 metric tonne of water.
D
Drink Without Waste or #DWW
A coalition (of beverages producers and bottlers, waste management enterprises, and NGOs) which wants to reduce waste generated from beverage consumption in Hong Kong.
E
Ellen MacArthur Foundation’s New Plastics Economy Group
A group which aims to reduce the environmental footprint of plastics through better packaging and more recycling.
Employee category
Classification of employees into categories based on experience, seniority, and responsibility.
See also Individual Contributor, Team Leader, Operational Leader, Strategic Leader.
Enterprise Risk Management or ERM
The identification, assessment, monitoring, and management of risks that may interfere with an enterprise’s operations and objectives.
Euro VI
European emission standards that define the acceptable limits for exhaust emissions of vehicles.
F
FSC certified
Certification for timber products that indicates it was sourced from responsibly managed forests or recycled sources in accordance with the Forest Stewardship Council Principles and Criteria.
Fly Greener
A voluntary carbon offset programme which offers Cathay Pacific passengers the opportunity to offset their carbon footprint from air travel.
Frozen efficiency baseline
A baseline from which performance is projected, assuming no improvement in current efficiencies.
G
Gender pay gap
Measures the difference in pay between women and men. It does not measure the difference in pay between men and women for doing the same job, but across all jobs within a particular category. In Swire Pacific, gender pay gap is calculated as the percentage differences in annual pay between women and men by employee categories.
Global Reporting Initiative or GRI
An international standards organisation that helps businesses, governments, and other organisations to understand and communicate their impact on critical sustainability issues suchas climate change, human rights, governance,and social wellbeing.
Greenhouse gas or GHG
A gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation. See also Scope 1 emissions, Scope 2 emissions and Scope 3 emissions.
H
HKEX ESG Reporting Code
The Environmental, Social, and Governance Reporting Guide in Appendix C2 to The Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited.
High-density polyethylene (HDPE)
A type of plastic commonly used as packaging for food, beverages, personal care products and household products.
I
IFRS Sustainability Disclosure Standards or SDS
A set of standards issued by the ISSB. These standards aim to create a high-quality global baseline for sustainability-related disclosures.
Individual Contributor
Entry level and first-line employees with no direct reports.
See also Employee category, Team Leader, Operational Leader, Strategic Leader.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change or IPCC
An intergovernmental body of the United Nations that provides scientific information relevant to understanding the scientific basis of the risk of human-induced climate change and its natural, political, and economic impacts.
International Civil Aviation Organisation or ICAO
A United Nations body which manages the administration and governance of the Convention on International Civil Aviation.
International Financial Reporting Standards Foundation or IFRS Foundation
A not-for-profit organisation established to develop high-quality, understandable, enforceable, and globally accepted accounting and sustainability disclosure standards.
International Sustainability Standards Board or ISSB
An independent standard-setting body within the IFRS Foundation established to develop globally accepted sustainability disclosure standards to provide investors with decision-useful information about sustainability-related risks and opportunities.
L
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Designor LEED
A green building rating system devised by the United States Green Building Council.
Location-based method
A way of calculating scope 2 emissions that reflects the average emissions intensity of the grids on which energy consumption occurs, using mostly local, subnational, or national grid average emission factors.
Lost Day Rate or LDR
The number of lost scheduled working days per 100 employees per year. It is calculated as the total days lost multiplied by 200,000 and then divided by total hours worked. The factor 200,000 is the annual hours worked by 100 employees, based on 40 hours per week for 50 weeks a year.
Lost Time Injury Rate or LTIR
The number of injuries per 100 employees per year. It is calculated as the total injuries multiplied by 200,000 and then divided by total hours worked. The factor 200,000 is the annual hours worked by 100 employees, based on 40 hours per week for 50 weeks a year.
M
Market-based method
A way of calculating scope 2 emissions that reflects the emissions from energy that an organisation has specifically chosen to purchase. Emissions factors are derived from contractual instruments (i.e. contracts to purchase energy bundled with attributes for the energy generation, or unbundled attribute claims).
O
Operational Leader
Middle managers leading other managerswithin a function, product line, or region. See also Employee category, Individual Contributor, Team Leader, Strategic Leader.
P
Physical risks
Physical risks include extreme weather, changes in rainfall and temperature, and increases in sea levels.
See also Climate-related risks, Transition risks.
Polyethylene Terephthalate or PET
A type of plastic commonly used for water and other drink bottles and for food containers.
R
Representative Concentration Pathways or RCPs
RCPs are prescribed pathways for greenhouse gas and aerosol concentrations (not emissions), together with land use change, that are consistent with a set of broad climate outcomes used by the climate modelling community. Four RCPs are used by the IPCC’s Sixth assessment report (RCP 2.6, 4.5, 6.0 and 8.5).
RCP 2.6 represents hard emissions cuts, which are likely to keep warming below 2°C.
RCP 4.5 and 6.0 are intermediate stabilisation scenarios.
RCP 8.5 represents a scenario where little effort is made to reduce emissions and curb warming by 2100. This is usually taken as the worst-case climate scenario.
Revenue tonne kilometres or RTK
Traffic volume, measured in load tonnes from the carriage of passengers, excess baggage, cargo, and mail, on each sector multiplied by the flight sector distance.
S
SBTi
Science Based Targets initiative. A collaboration between CDP, the United Nations Global Compact, the World Resources Institute, and the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) which encourages organisations to set science based targets.
Scope 1 emissions
Direct GHG emissions from sources that are owned or controlled by an organisation.
See also Greenhouse gas or GHG, Scope 2emissions, Scope 3 emissions.
Scope 2 emissions
Indirect GHG emissions from consumption by an organisation of purchased electricity, heat, and steam.
See also Greenhouse gas or GHG, Scope 1emissions, Scope 3 emissions.
Scope 3 emissions
GHG emissions in an organisation’s supply chain or generated by its customers.
See also Greenhouse gas or GHG, Scope 1emissions, Scope 2 emissions.
Source Vulnerability Assessment or SVA
A programme developed by The Coca-Cola Company to evaluate and ensure the reliability and sustainability of the water supply for its production plants by identifying potential risks to the water supply and recommending corrective actions to mitigate these risks.
Strategic Leader
Managers leading functions, multiple functions, departments, regions, or small operating companies.
See also Employee category, Individual Contributor, Team Leader, Operational Leader.
SwireTHRIVE
Swire Pacific’s sustainable development strategy, which deals with climate, waste, water, people, and communities.
T
TCCC
The Coca-Cola Company Limited.
Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures or TCFD
An organisation which develops voluntary, consistent climate-related financial risk disclosures for use by organisations.
Task Force on Nature-related Financial Disclosures or TNFD
An organisation which develops voluntary, consistent nature-related financial risk disclosures for use by organisations.
Team Leader
First-line supervisors and junior managers leading teams of Individual Contributors.
See also Employee category, Individual Contributor, Operational Leader, Strategic Leader.
Total injuries
The number of injuries in a year which result in lost time of a minimum of one scheduled working day.
Transition risks
Risks associated with the transition to a lower carbon economy, which may arise from changes in policy, law, technology, and markets, and which include risks to reputation.
See also Climate-related risk, Physical risks.
U
United Nations Sustainable Development Goals or SDGs
A set of 17 goals adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015 as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which aim to provide a shared blueprint for peace and prosperity for people and the planet.
W
Waste diversion rate
The proportion of waste generated in our operations that is diverted from disposal at landfill or incineration without energy recovery.
Water consumption
The volume of water that has been withdrawn and incorporated into products, has evaporated, transpired, or been consumed by humans or livestock, or is polluted to the point of being unusable by other usesrs, and is therefore not released back to the water systems or a third party.
Water replenishment
Swire Coca-Cola works with TCCC to replenish its water use through partnership projects that help conserve, clean, store, or make accessible an equivalent amount of water for nature and people. TCCC has a target to replenish water of a volume equivalent to the volume of products it sells globally.
Water stress
According to WRI Aqueduct, baseline water stress measures the ratio of total water withdrawals to available renewable surface and groundwater supplies. Higher values indicate more competition among users.
Water use ratio or WUR
The number of litres of water used to produce a litre of product. It is calculated as total water used divided by total production volume.
Water withdrawal
The sum of all water drawn from surface water, groundwater, or a third party for any use overthe course of the reporting period.
World Resources Institute or WRI
A research organisation that focuses on challenges that must be addressed to reduce poverty, increase economic growth and protect natural systems.